Staining can also help in differentiating neoplastic
from non-neoplastic polyps. Perhaps the most useful aspect of chromocolonoscopy is increasing the yield for dysplasia in patients undergoing colonoscopy for inflammatory bowel disease surveillance. Zilla H. Hussain and Heiko Pohl Advancements in image technology have allowed recognition of mucosal architecture in more detail and may improve adenoma detection. This review provides a technical overview on individual imaging technologies and their effect on detection of adenomas. Only high-definition endoscopy has been shown to improve detection of small adenomas. None of the digital chromoendoscopy technologies improves adenoma detection. Limited studies on autoimmunfluorescence imaging
in conjunction selleck chemicals with high-definition endoscopy may improve detection of small adenomas. Martin Goetz Gastrointestinal PD-0332991 concentration endoscopy had major technological improvements and novel technologies in recent years. High-definition endoscopy has permitted an increasingly detailed view of the mucosa during colonoscopy. Filter techniques that enhance analysis of vessel and surface structures. Autofluorescence imaging relies on functional imaging of tissue alterations. Endocytoscopy is an ultrahigh-contact microscopy procedure for cellular analysis of the epithelium. Endomicroscopy is an adaption of laser scanning microscopy for real-time intravital surface and subsurface microscopy during endoscopy. With these technologies, endoscopy has moved from prediction of histology based on morphologic patterns toward visualization of cellular and subcellular details, providing real-time histology.
Ala I. Sharara and Rachel R. Abou Mrad Adequate bowel preparation is essential for optimal colonoscopy. Suboptimal bowel preparation occurs in 25% to 40% of cases and is associated with canceled procedures, prolonged procedure time, incomplete examination, increased cost, and missed pathology. There are several effective formulations for colon cleansing with a good safety profile. Split dosing should be implemented whenever possible in an effort to enhance tolerance and adherence, and improve mucosal visibility and overall quality of the examination. In this review, modern bowel preparations Ergoloid are discussed including their mechanism of action, mode of use, safety, and how to optimize outcomes. Audrey H. Calderwood and Brian C. Jacobson Colonoscopy is an excellent area for quality improvement because it is high volume, has significant associated risk and expense, and there is evidence that variability in its performance affects outcomes. The best end point for validation of quality metrics in colonoscopy is colorectal cancer incidence and mortality, but a more readily accessible metric is the adenoma detection rate.