A finite element model of the lens of an 11-, 29- and 45-year-old human eye was constructed to represent the fully accommodated state. Subsequently, the force that was needed to mould the lens into its unaccommodated state was calculated. The force on the GDC-0973 mouse lens appeared to be preserved with age, with only a slight increase to a value of approximately 0.06 N. In conclusion, the preservation of the net force delivered by the extralenticular ciliary body indicates that the causes of presbyopia must be ascribed

to lenticular changes. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Laparoscopy-assisted colectomy (LAC) has gained acceptance for the treatment of colorectal cancer. However, conventional palpation of the liver and adequate observation of the abdominal cavity are not achievable during LAC. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical value of using Sonazoid (contrast enhanced)-intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasonography (S-IOLUS)

in patients with primary colorectal cancer.\n\nFrom May 2005 to August 2008, 454 patients underwent 339 LACs and 115 open colectomies for colorectal cancer. One hundred forty-eight patients with clinical stage II or III colorectal cancer, as determined by preoperative imaging, who see more were undergoing LACs were prospectively enrolled.\n\nAlthough IOLUS did not detect any lesions, small hypoechoic lesions were detected by the S-IOLUS (n = 71) in the Kupffer-phase view of two patients (2.8 %). None of the 71 patients who underwent S-IOLUS showed liver metastases within 6 months after

LAC. In the conventional IOLUS group (n = 77), metastatic lesions were identified in two patients (2.6 %). The new liver metastases in these two patients were detected within 6 months after CA3 LAC.\n\nS-IOLUS of the liver during colorectal cancer surgery is useful for staging and as a diagnostic modality. It can identify lesions that are undetectable by preoperative imaging, and may be considered for routine use during LAC.”
“Miller-Fisher syndrome is defined as ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia. Considered as a variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome, it differs in its clinical presentation and by anti-GQ1b antibody positivity. The authors report a case of Miller-Fisher syndrome characterized by ataxia and complete ophthalmoplegia. Through this example, the range of ophthalmologic clinical manifestations are discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives: Mild decrease in core temperature (therapeutic hypothermia) provides lasting neuroprotection following cardiac arrest or cerebral ischemia. However, current methods for producing therapeutic hypothermia trigger a cold-defense response that must be countered by sedatives, muscle paralytics, and mechanical ventilation.