Approaches, methods and tools, such as ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change, communication and education strategies, and experience with an international community of practice, representing components of sustainability science, are considered

in various papers. Overview of papers in this Special Issue Following is a brief synopsis of the papers in this Special Issue. The aim is not to summarize the content of each paper but to demonstrate that individually and collectively the papers make an important contribution to our understanding of sustainability challenges and strategies for building resilience in small island communities and states. Understanding and managing global change pressures and processes MCC950 in vitro in SIDS and other small islands The paper by Hay (Small islands: coastal systems, global change and sustainability) is a significant expansion on the invited

keynote presentation in the small islands session of the 2011 conference. The paper highlights important points made in two recent studies. The first is that, while SIDS and other small islands have long been represented selleck inhibitor as sites of vulnerability, communities on many such islands have in fact survived for millennia. Only over the past few centuries and, more particularly, in recent decades, have the processes of colonialism, development and globalisation caused lower resilience and greater exposure, thereby increasing vulnerability. Secondly, globalisation is nothing new for many SIDS and other small islands. Generally they have had a long history of being reshaped by shifts in international economic and political relations, and the spread of technological innovation. It is argued that the more recent global pressures on SIDS and other small islands are characterised by time-space compression—they

seem to be occurring more rapidly and with wider PD184352 (CI-1040) reach. In order to fully understand and respond to these and other findings on how global change has, does and will affect SIDS and other small islands, the paper clarifies the concepts of exposure, risk, vulnerability, resilience and sustainability and suggests a suite of management Selleckchem PARP inhibitor interventions that will help reduce the vulnerability and enhance the resilience of small islands to global and other changes. Thus the paper covers the three key aspects of understanding and managing global change in small islands (Fig. 1), and provides the context for the other papers in this Special Issue. The paper by Forbes and co-authors (Physical basis of adaptation on tropical small islands) considers the global and island-specific physical context in which island communities are exposed to the impacts of climate change and natural hazards.