Initially, hole-burning spectra provided a way to obtain the homogeneous linewidths and revealed values of ∼70−80 cm−1 (Johnson and Small 1991). A better description of the spectra was subsequently obtained by fully including the effects of different types of broadening selleck products to an existing model proposed earlier by the same authors (Wendling et al. 2002). The two types of broadening were included in simulations of new LD and CD spectra at low temperatures describing the whole trimer. Inhomogeneous broadening due to the variation in site energies in between subunits and complexes could especially influence the simulations of the polarized

spectra. Subsequently, the authors added homogeneous broadening due to dephasing, the lifetimes of the exciton states were calculated using their exciton model. Even without changing the site energies and coupling strengths from reference (Louwe et al. 1997b), the absorption spectra were reproduced better taking broadening into account in the system. The simulations of the LD and CD spectra were further improved by fitting the site energies and the coupling strengths to the experiments using a global

fit. In order to determine the different exciton states and the accompanying transition energy, several approaches were used. To begin with, in the reference (Johnson and Small 1991) exciton energies are determined by simultaneous selleck chemicals analysis of different hole-burning spectra. In this case, eight exciton Osimertinib in vitro components were observed of which the latter two were assigned to contribute to one band around 825 nm (vide infra). selleck Pearlstein followed a similar procedure and fitted 21 exciton energies (of which 14 degenerate, see Table 6) to absorption and CD spectra (Pearlstein 1992). There are two more reports on the exciton levels in the trimer, both based on the method described by Pearlstein (Lu and Pearlstein 1993; Gülen

1996). Improvements were made using algorithms to fit the spectra and changing the site wavelengths, which are used to determine the exciton levels, respectively. Table 6 Exciton energies of Prosthecochloris aestuarii in the trimer in nanometer Exciton transition Pearlstein (1992) Lu and Pearlstein (1993)a Gülen (1996)a 1 779.7 777.7 789.63 2, 3 780.4 777.2 790.76 4, 5 789.4 787.3 792.38 6 789.8 788.5 793.31 7, 8 797.4 797.0 801.53 9 799.6 800.1 801.57 10 803.8 805.1 804.10 11, 12 805.5 806.3 804.73 13 813.0 811.6 812.50 14, 15 814.3 812.5 815.37 16 814.7 812.8 816.46 17, 18 815.3 813.8 817.82 19 824.1 825.0 824.80 20, 21 826.4 828.0 825.19 aThe degeneracy of the exciton transitions is different from that proposed by Pearlstein, given in this table, and can be found in the references In further attempts to model the spectra, only monomers containing seven BChl a molecules are taken into account (see Table 7). This results in a structure with seven interconnected exciton levels. These simulations require the site energies of the BChl a molecules as input parameters. Louwe et al.