Of those with a PSM, 337 patients had available follow-up data, including 229 who

underwent RP (68%) and 108 who underwent RARP (32%). At a mean follow-up time of 37 months for the RP group, 103 (46%) patients demonstrated BCR; at a mean follow-up time of 44 months for the RARP group, 62 (57%) patients had a BCR (p=0.140). Two-year BCR-free rates for RP vs RARP were 65% and 49%, respectively (log-rank p<0.001). However, after controlling for age, PSA, grade, and year of surgery, the surgical method was not significantly associated with increased risk of BCR (HR 1.25; p=0.29). Conclusion: Our results confirm the noninferiority of RARP to RP with regard to patients with PSMs. As such, all patients with a PSM at RP are at high risk for BCR and should be followed in the same manner regardless of the surgical approach.”
“This study aimed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and effects of tadalafil on children with pulmonary AZD8055 arterial hypertension (PAH) after transition from sildenafil or after tadalafil received as initial therapy. A total of 33 pediatric patients with PAH were retrospectively evaluated. Of the 33 patients, 29 were switched from sildenafil to tadalafil. The main

reason for the change from sildenafil THZ1 was once-daily dosing. The average dose of sildenafil was 3.4 +/- A 1.1 mg/kg/day, and that of tadalafil was 1.0 +/- A 0.4 mg/kg/day. For 14 of the 29 patients undergoing repeat

catheterization, statistically significant improvements were observed after transition from sildenafil to tadalafil in terms of mean pulmonary arterial pressure (53.2 +/- A 18.3 vs. 47.4 +/- A 13.7 mmHg; p < 0.05) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (12.2 +/- A 7.0 vs 10.6 +/- A 7.2 Units/m(2); p < 0.05). Clinical improvement was noted for four patients treated with tadalafil as initial therapy. The side effect profiles were similar for the patients who had transitioned from sildenafil to tadalafil including headache, nausea, myalgia, nasal congestion, flushing, and allergic reaction. Two patients discontinued tadalafil due BI 2536 manufacturer to migraine or allergic reaction. One patient receiving sildenafil had no breakthrough syncope after transition to tadalafil. Tadalafil can be safely used for pediatric patients with PAH and may prevent disease progression.”
“SETTING: National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital, Masan, South Korea.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of prothionamide (PTH) in South Korean patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and to investigate whether differences in body mass index (BMI) could explain observed differences in PTH disposition.

DESIGN: Seventeen patients participated in the study; all had MDR-TB and had received combination anti-tuberculosis treatment, including PTH, cycloserine, ofloxacin, para-aminosalicylic acid and streptomycin or kanamycin, for at least 2 weeks.