Results:

Mean maternal serum YKL-40 levels were both lower in women who subsequently developed early (87.45 +/- 3.07 versus 103.40 +/- 4.29) or late (96.43 +/- 4.06 versus 99.87 +/- 3.63) pre-eclampsia than those who remained normotensive. The difference was significant in early-onset preeclamptic women (p smaller than 0.05) rather than late-onset pre-eclamptic ones (p bigger than 0.05). Mean maternal serum apelin levels were both higher in women who subsequently developed early (8.6 +/- 3.6 versus 5.7 +/- 1.2) or late (9.6 +/- 2.5 versus 8.1 +/- 1.8) pre-eclampsia than those who remained normotensive. The difference was significant in early-onset preeclamptic women (p smaller than 0.05) rather than late-onset pre-eclamptic ones (p bigger than 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between serum apelin and YKL-40 levels (r=-0.48, p=0.001). Conclusion: Circulating levels of LY3039478 supplier apelin are significantly increased in early-onset pre-eclampsia, indicating the role selleck products of apelin in the discrimination

of the early-onset of pre-eclampsia. On the other hand, maternal serum YKL-40 levels are not elavated significantly, indicating that adipose-derived apelin is primarily involved in the vascular pathogenesis of early-onset pre-eclampsia than macrophage-derived YKL-40.”
“Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is a fixed-dose artemisinin-based combination treatment. Some antimalarials have altered pharmacokinetics in pregnancy. Pregnant women in the 2nd or 3rd trimester and matched nonpregnant women with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were treated with a total of 6.4 mg/kg of body weight dihydroartemisinin and 51.2 mg/kg piperaquine once daily for 3 days. Venous blood samples were drawn at prespecified time points

over 9 weeks. CRT0066101 Plasma dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine concentrations were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Piperaquine and dihydroartemisinin pharmacokinetics were well described. There were no significant differences in total piperaquine exposure (P = 0.80) or drug exposure during the terminal elimination phase (72 h to infinity) (P = 0.64) between the two groups. The apparent volume of distribution of piperaquine was significantly smaller (602 liters/kg versus 877 liters/kg) in pregnant women than in nonpregnant women (P = 0.0057), and the terminal elimination half-life was significantly shorter (17.8 days versus 25.6 days; P = 0.0023). Dihydroartemisinin exposure after the first dose was significantly lower (844 h x ng/ml versus 1,220 h x ng/ml, P = 0.0021) in pregnant women, but there were no significant differences in total dihydroartemisinin exposure or maximum concentrations between the two groups. There were no significant differences in any pharmacokinetic parameters between the second and third trimester.