That is why MC can calculate SMRoth value periodically. This periodic calculation reduces the computational AG-014699 work to be carried out by the MC. Thus, battery power consumption rate of the MC is reduced and at the same time it becomes dynamic.3.3. Mobility ManagementWhen the MC moves into the vicinity of a new MR it computes its session-to-mobility ratio (SMRMC) and compares it with SMRoth. If SMRMC is less than the SMRoth, the MC notifies the new MR about its handoff from old MR and also sends the addresses of the corresponding mesh nodes. On receiving the notification, new MR informs the old MR about the handoff and enquires about the serving MR of corresponding mesh nodes of the MC. The old MR replies back by sending addresses of serving MRs of corresponding mesh nodes.

A forward pointer is also added from old MR to the new one which is also the current MR of the MC. After receiving the reply from old MR, the new MR updates its database. Thus, the forward chain length of the MC increases by 1. On the other hand, if the SMRMC is greater than or equal to SMRoth, same procedure is followed as discussed in the earlier case but no forward chain is added from old MR to new MR, rather the new MR sends location update message to the gateway and the corresponding MRs (if any). When the gateway and corresponding MRs receive the location update message, they search for the entry of the MC in their database and set the current MR as the serving MR of the MC and the forward chain length is reset.3.4. RoutingIn the proposed scheme routing of packets is carried out in two different ways depending on the nature of the packet (Internet or Intranet).

3.4.1. Routing of Internet Packets Tunneling is used to forward the downstream Internet packets. When the gateway receives a downstream Internet packet, it finds out the serving MR of the destination MC from its database and adds an extra IP header having the address of the serving MR as destination address. This is done because the downstream packets do not have serving MR’s address as the destination address and without the serving MR’s address intermediate MRs are not able to forward the packet to the serving MR. When the serving MR of the destination MC receives the packet, it decapsulates and if required forwards the packet to current MR through the forward chain. The current MR transmits the packet to the destination MC.

Tunneling is not used GSK-3 in case of upstream packets. Current MR sends the upstream Internet packets received from the MC through the direct route towards the GW. Figure 1 shows an example scenario representing routing of Internet traffic. Initially the source MC (SMC) was under the vicinity of source serving MR1 (SSMR1). The SMC sent and received its upstream and downstream Internet packets, respectively, through the SSMR1 to the GW.