We made a molecular study of Zungaro populations in an attempt to solve taxonomical inconsistencies and to analyze genetic diversity in natural populations of this genus. We analyzed two regions of the mitochondrial DNA (the control region and the ATPase 6 gene region) of individuals sampled from the Parana-Paraguay MLN8237 concentration River and Amazon River basins. Analyses based on p-distances and maximum likelihood phylogenetic models showed a genetic difference between populations corresponding to different species. Genetic differentiation between Zungaro populations was at the same level as that observed between other Siluriformes species, using the same DNA sequences. We conclude

that Zungaro species of the Parana-Paraguay River basin do not belong to the same species found in the Amazon basin. This finding has a significant implication for conservation of this fish, given that populations are disappearing at a high rate in the Parana-Paraguay River basin, mainly due to impoundments.”
“Iron I-BET-762 chlorosis is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting fruit trees and other crops in calcareous soils and leads to a reduction in growth and yield. Usual remediation strategies consist of amending iron to soil, which is an expensive practice, or using tolerant

cultivars, which are difficult to develop when not available. To understand the mechanisms underlying the associated physiopathy better, and thus develop new strategies to overcome the problems resulting from iron deficiency, the differential gene expression induced by iron deficiency in the susceptible citrus rootstock Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. have been examined. The genes identified are putatively involved in cell CH5183284 clinical trial wall modification, in determining photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll content, and reducing oxidative stress. Additional studies on cell wall morphology, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll content, as well as peroxidase and catalase activities, support their possible functions in the response to iron deficiency in a susceptible

genotype, and the results are discussed.”
“The thermoelectric properties of Magneli phase titanium oxides Ti(n)O(2n-1) (n=2,3,…) have been investigated, paying special attention to how the thermoelectric performance can be altered by changing the microstructure. Dense polycrystalline specimens with nominal composition of TiO(2-x) (x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) prepared by conventional hot-pressing are all identified to be one of the Magneli phases, in which crystallographic shear planes are regularly introduced according to the oxygen deficiency. Electrical conduction is n-type for all specimens and the carrier concentration increases with the increase in the oxygen deficiency. The values of lattice thermal conductivity, on the other hand, decrease with the increase in the oxygen deficiency, which can be attributed to phonon scattering at the crystallographic shear plane.