Nanoxel-PM is efficacious and less toxic than free docetaxel formulation and was evaluated in comparison with Taxotere in preclinical studies. Nanoxel-PM can reduce sideeffects of hypersensitivity reactions and fluid retention while retaining antitumor efficacy in cancer patients [22]. Further studies led to the development of new formulations of liposomal paclitaxel. The special CH5424802 datasheet composition of the liposomal membrane which contains high doses

of paclitaxel could reduce the aggregation giving the molecule higher stability and confers an increase of efficacy in animal models as in human tumors [23]. An hydrotropic polymer micelle Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical system has also been developed for delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs as paclitaxel. This polymer showed not only higher loading capacity but also enhanced physical stability in aqueous media and provides an alternative approach for formulation Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of poorly soluble drugs [24, 25]. 3. Nab-Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer Treatment Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in female patients and follows lung cancer as the most common cause of female cancer death. While only 5–7% of BC patients present metastatic disease (mBC) at diagnosis and more than 30% presenting localized disease will eventually recur, 5 year survival of advanced disease is

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical less than 20% [33]. Current treatment of advanced breast cancer is mainly aimed to ameliorate quality of life and prolong survival. Treatment choice is not an easy task in terms of drug selection and combination. Chemotherapy plays an essential role for the treatment of Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical mBC. Among anticancer drugs, taxanes are

considered the most effective, while their use involves long infusion time, neurotoxicity, and high risk of hypersensitivity reactions [8, 34, 35]. These latter effects are due to allergic reactions induced by the use of solubilizing agents (as chromophores) and Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical today are less common due to the use in the clinical practice of corticosteroids and antihistamines [36]. In order to overcome these important limitations, a major interest is devoted to novel drugs as nab-paclitaxel, eribulin, ixabepilone, PARP inhibitors, and new HER 2 inhibitors as lapatinib, pertuzumab, TDM1, and neratinib [37–43]. Following phase I studies, PDK4 by Ibrahim et al. in 2002 [19] and by Teng et al in 2004 [44], which led to MTD identification at 300mg/m2 in the three weekly schedule with neurotoxicity as dose limiting toxicity, Nyman et al. in 2005 [45] identify in the weekly schedule the MTD at 100mg/sqm for highly pretreated patients and 150mg/m2 for nonhighly pretreated patients with grade 4 neutropenia and grade 3 neuropathy as DLT with earlier onset at higher dosages. The pivotal phase 3 study was published in 2005 where Gradishar et al.