The B800 ring in Rhodopseudomonas (Rps.) acidophila consists of nine in-plane BChl a monomers, AS1842856 ic50 whereas the B850 ring is formed by a collection of 18 BChls distributed along the ring in 9 dimer subunits (McDermott et al. 1995; Papiz et al. 2003). Their planes are perpendicular to those of the BChls in the B800 ring (see Fig. 4, top). The X-ray structure of Rhodosprillum (Rs) molischianum is similar to that of Rps. acidophila, with 8 BChls in the B800 ring and 16 BChls in B850

(Koepke et al. 1996). Cryoelectron microscopy has shown that the structure of the LH2 Foretinib nmr complex of Rb. sphaeroides (Walz et al. 1998) is also similar to that of Rps. acidophila. Fig. 4 Top: Arrangement of the bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) molecules in the B800 and B850 rings of the light-harvesting (LH) 2 complex (left:

side view, right: top view; Data from www.​pdb.​bnl.​gov.​) Bottom: Excitation spectrum of the LH2 complex of Rb. sphaeroides (2.4.1, wt) at liquid-helium temperature (Spectrum obtained in our laboratory) Selumetinib Energy transfer from B800 to B850 in light-harvesting 2 complexes of purple bacteria The wavelength selectivity and high-frequency resolution of spectral hole burning is particularly advantageous for the study of pigment–protein complexes that are characterized by broad absorption bands. The first HB experiments on photosynthetic complexes were performed by G. Small and his group in the 1980s on the RC of purple bacteria (Hayes and Small 1986; Lyle et al. 1993, and references therein; Tang

et al. 1988), and on photosystem I (Gillie et al. 1989) and the RC of photosystem II (Jankowiak et al. 1989; Tang et al. 1990) of green plants and cyanobacteria. Here, we describe HB experiments performed in our laboratory, in Leiden, The Netherlands, on the red wing of the B800 band of LH2 at liquid-helium temperature (De Caro et al. 1994; Van der Laan et al. 1990, 1993). The results of these experiments proved, for the first time, that the B800 band is inhomogeneously broadened because holes could be burned into this band. As described earlier in this review, the widths of spectral holes are a measure for the homogeneous linewidth Γhom of the optical transition, under the condition that the laser bandwidth is negligible compared to Γhom. If the ‘pure’ dephasing time \( T_2^* selleck compound \) in Eq. 1 is much larger than T 1, i.e. \( T_2^* \gg T_1 , \) then Γhom will be determined by T 1 processes. Thus, $$ \Upgamma_\hom \approx \frac12\uppiT_1 = \frac12\uppi\tau_\textfl + \frac12\uppi\tau_\textET $$ (2), where τ fl is the fluorescence lifetime, and τ ET is the energy-transfer time. If the latter is much shorter than τ fl, for example, τ ET approximately a few picoseconds, Γhom will directly yield the energy-transfer rate (2πτ ET)−1. In the experiments of De Caro et al. (1994) and Van der Laan et al. (1990), where holes were burnt into the red wing of the B800 band of Rb. sphaeroides 2.4.