We investigated whether cilostazol reduces restenosis after successful EVT for de novo https://www.selleckchem.com/products/etomoxir-na-salt.html femoropopliteal lesions.
Methods: This study was designed as a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point study in a
single institution. Between March 2004 and June 2005, we randomized 127 patients who were successfully treated with EVT for de novo femoropopliteal lesions to receive cilostazol (200 mg/d, n = 63) or ticlopidine (200 mg/d, n = 64) in addition to aspirin (100 mg/d). Antiplatelet medications were started at least 1 week before EVT and were continued until the end of follow-up. Patency was defined by duplex ultrasound imaging with peak systolic velocity ratio > 2.4.
Results. There were no significant differences in the patients and lesion characteristics. Sixteen patients dropped out of the study protocol, six of whom were withdrawn due to adverse drug effects (cilostazol, n = 5; ticlopidine, n = 1; P = .09). Ten patients died (cilostazol,
n = 4; ticlopidine, n = 6; P = .53) during the follow-up period. Patency rates at 12, 24, and 36 months were 87%, 82%, and 73% in the cilostazol group and 65%, 60%, and 51% in ticlopidine group by intention-to-treat analysis (P = .013) and were 87%, 82%, and 73% in the cilostazol group and 64%, 57%, and 48% in the ticlopidine group (P = .0088) by as-treated analysis. Freedom from target lesion revascularization and all adverse events (restenosis, amputation, and death) was significantly higher in cilostazol group than in ticlopidine group (P = .036, P = .031). No acute, subacute, or chronic thrombotic occlusion selleck screening library was encountered, and bleeding complication rates were
similar between the two groups.
Conclusions. Cilostazol significantly reduces restenosis after EVT in femoropopliteal lesions.”
“This study was designed to explore the nature of the anomia that is a defining feature of semantic dementia. Using a pool of 225 sets of picture naming data from 78 patients, we assessed the effects on naming accuracy of several characteristics of the target objects or their names: familiarity, frequency, age of acquisition Selleckchem Carfilzomib and semantic domain (living/non-living). We also analysed the distribution of different error types according to the severity of the naming deficit. A particular focus of the study was the impact on naming of a previously unconsidered variable: the typicality of an object within its semantic category. This factor had a major influence both on naming success and on the proportions of different error types.. Moreover, and increasingly so with declining naming accuracy, the patients’ single-word incorrect responses were more typical than the target names. The observed effects of typicality sit well within models of semantic memory that represent concepts in terms of patterns of co-occurrence of constituent features.