As shown in Figure 1B, compared with the positive (genomic DNA as template for PCR reaction) and negative controls (total RNA as template), the expected sizes of PCR products were detected on agarose gel from the cDNA, reversely transcribed from the total RNA, by using primers from

the neighboring genes of SCO4126-4131. While this analysis does indicate a transcript exists that covers the entire length of the cluster, it is possible that other transcripts exist from other promoters within the cluster that do not span all 6 genes. Figure 1 Organization and transcription of the six genes SCO4126-4131 of S. coelicolor. (A) Comparison selleck compound of organization of the SCO4126-4131 genes of the S. coelicolor chromosome and the SLP2.19-23 (or pQC542.1c-6c) genes of S. lividans plasmid SLP2. The homologous genes are indicated by dashed lines and transcriptional

directions of genes by filled arrowheads. (B) RT-PCR of transcript overlapping the consecutive adjacent genes of MK-2206 cost the SCO4126-4131 cluster. RNA of strain M145 was isolated and reverse-transcribed into cDNA. The cDNA, RNA and M145 chromosomal DNA were used as templates. Five paired primers (i.e. p67, p78, p89, p90 and p01) were used to allow amplification of segments extending from each gene into its immediate neighbor. PCR products were electrophoresed in 2% agarose gel at 100 v for 1 h. To investigate if SCO4126-4131 were involved in plasmid transfer, null mutants of the whole gene cluster were constructed by PCR-targeted mutagenesis CYTH4 [20]. However, no significant difference in transfer frequencies of the SLP2-derived linear plasmid pQC542 which contained genes for DNA replication in linear mode and plasmid conjugal transfer [18, 19] between the mutant and the wild-type was found (data not shown), suggesting

that these chromosomal genes could not substitute for the SLP2 genes for plasmid transfer. Null mutants of SCO4126-4131 display defective sporulation To study the functions of SCO4126-4131, null mutants of the individual genes or complete gene cluster were constructed by in-frame replacement via PCR-targeting with an apramycin resistance gene and then removing the marker, excluding potential polar effects on expression of the gene cluster. After culturing the mutants on MS medium for 3 days, as seen in Figure 2A, the ΔSCO4126 strain, as well as wild-type strain M145, produced dark grey colonies on agar plate, whereas colonies of all the other null mutants, including a ΔSCO4126-4131 mutant, were light grey, and seemed to produce fewer spores. In time courses of M145 and null mutants of SCO4126, SCO4127 and SCO4126-4131 on MS agar (Figure 2B), the ΔSCO4127 or ΔSCO4126-4131 strains had a significant delay in aerial mycelium formation, and sporulated 1 or 2 days later than the wild-type strain, while there was no apparent difference in sporulation between M145 and the ΔSCO4126 strain.

Screening selleck products of mutations in grlA and gyrA genes Internal fragments comprising the QRDR of grlA and gyrA genes were amplified using the primers described in Table 3. The reaction mixture (50 μL) contained 2.5 U of Taq Polymerase (Fermentas Inc., Ontario, Canada), 1X Taq buffer (Fermentas); 25 pmol of each primer; 0.2 mM of dNTP and 1.75 mM of

MgCl2. The PCR reactions were conducted in a thermocycler Mastercycler personal 5332 (Eppendorf AG, Hamburg, Germany). The amplification conditions were as follows: DNA was denatured at 94°C for 4 minutes, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 30 seconds, annealing at 50°C for 30 seconds and extension at 72°C for 1 minute, followed by a step of final extension at 72°C for 5 minutes. Amplification products were purified and sequenced in both strands using the same set of primers. Sequences were analyzed and aligned using the freeware programs BioEdit and ClustalW, respectively. Table 3 Primers used in this study. Primera Sequence (5′-3′) Amplicon Size (bp) Reference QacA/B_Fw GCTGCATTTATGACAATGTTTG 628 [30] QacA/B_Rv AATCCCACCTACTAAAGCAG     Smr_Fw ATAAGTACTGAAGTTATTGGAAGT 285 [18] Smr_Rv TTCCGAAAATGTTTAACGAAACTA     NorA_Fw TTCACCAAGCCATCAAAAAG 620 [32] ICG-001 research buy NorA_Rv CTTGCCTTTCTCCAGCAATA   [13] NorA_Fw TTCACCAAGCCATCAAAAAG 95 [32] NorA_RT(Rv) CCATAAATCCACCAATCCC   This study NorB_Fw

AGCGCGTTGTCTATCTTTCC 213 [13] NorB_Rv GCAGGTGGTCTTGCTGATAA     NorC_Fw AATGGGTTCTAAGCGACCAA 216 [13] NorC_Rv ATACCTGAAGCAACGCCAAC selleck chemicals llc     MepA_Fw ATGTTGCTGCTGCTCTGTTC 718 [13] MepA_Rv TCAACTGTCAAACGATCACG     MepA_RT(Fw) TGCTGCTGCTCTGTTCTTTA 198 [13] MepA_RT(Rv) GCGAAGTTTCCATAATGTGC

    MdeA_Fw AACGCGATACCAACCATTC 677 [13] MdeA_Rv TTAGCACCAGCTATTGGACCT     MdeA_RT(Fw) GTTTATGCGATTCGAATGGTTGGT 155 [33] MdeA_RT(Rv) AATTAATGCAGCTGTTCCGATAGA     16S_27f AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG 492 [34] 16S_519r GWATTACCGCGGCKGCTG     GrlA_Fw TGCCAGATGTTCGTGATGGT 339 [35] GrlA_Rv TGGAATGAAAGAAACTGTCTC     GyrA_Fw TCGTGCATTGCCAGATGTTCG 394 [35] GyrA_Rv TCGAGCAGGTAAGACTGACGG     a The primers used in the RT-qPCR experiments are indicated by the RT label. Fw: forward; Rv: reverse. For norB, norC and smr, the same set of primers was used for both PCR and RT-qPCR, as well as the primer NorA_Fw. PCR amplification of efflux pump genes DNA fragments internal to five chromosomal and two plasmid encoded efflux pump genes were separately amplified by PCR, using the primers described in Table 3. Reaction mixtures were prepared as described above. Amplification conditions were as follows: DNA was denatured at 94°C for 4 minutes, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 30 seconds, annealing at 45°C (norA) or 53°C (norB, norC, mdeA, mepA) for 30 seconds and extension at 72°C for 1 minute, followed by a step of final extension at 72°C for 5 minutes.

After intravenous administration, however, if the plasma peak levels are higher, these levels are transient and short-lived. Apoptosis Compound Library clinical trial Similarly to what is observed after oral administration, serum levels rapidly decrease due to their rapid adsorption on the surface of bone (±50%). The rest is cleared by both glomerular filtration and proximal tubular secretion (± the remaining 50%) [117]. The retention time in the skeleton is extremely long and depends on the individual bone affinity of the various BPs. Part of the released BPs from the skeleton can be re-uptaken, and part is eliminated in the urine. Even if

their terminal half-life is long, plasma levels remain very low. However, small amounts have been

this website detected in body fluids up to 8 years after stopping the drug [118, 119]. This justified some warning regarding the use of BPs in premenopausal women of child bearing age. Even if there has been no demonstrated adverse foetal events in humans, large controlled studies are lacking to confirm their widespread safe use [120]. Some caution to restrict the use BPs to severe condition is still justified. Bisphosphonate and acute phase reaction After the first intravenous administration of a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (n-BP) (e.g. disodium pamidronate, zoledronic acid, ibandronate), about 25% of patients experienced flu-like symptoms, consisting of transient and self-limited fever, myalgias and/or arthralgias for 2 to 3 days. Acute phase reaction (APR) has been associated with the release of serum inflammatory cytokines find more such as tumour necrosis factor (TNFα) and IL-6, but not IL-1 [121]. The origin of these pro-inflammatory agents was homed on monocytes and/or

macrophages [122] but also in human peripheral blood γδ T cells, which could constitute the trigger for activation of the former cells [123]. The APRs were absent or at least strongly attenuated with subsequent infusions with n-BPs. The APR has also been observed after high-dose oral monthly ibandronate [124]. The post-infusion syndrome can be reduced by acetaminophen [125]. It has been suggested that the co-administration of statins could prevent this reaction [123, 126], but this preventative effect does not seem to be systematic [127]. On the contrary, concomitant glucocorticoid (GC) therapy did not alleviate it [128]. Depletion in 25(OH)D could constitute a factor favouring the occurrence of APR after n-BPs infusion in n-BP-naive patients, but this remains to be confirmed [129]. Bisphosphonate and musculoskeletal pain Some cases of prolonged musculoskeletal pain have been reported [130] in up to 20% to 25% of patients on alendronate and risedronate, as well as zoledronic acid [128, 131]. The majority of patients experienced gradual relief of pain after discontinuation of the drug.

At 14, 16, 18, 20 Metformin price and 22 days after the injection of cells, viruses were administered through intravenous injection at the dose of 2 × 108 pfu (CNHK600-EGFP and CNHK600-IL24 middle). The doses for CNHK600-IL24 low and high group were 1× 108 and 4× 108 pfu respectively. Luminescent images were visualized every week (A), Photon counts (B) and tumor volume (C) were also measured. Mice were sacrificed and tumor weight was measured on day 42 (D). Mouse serum was collected on day 42 after orthotopic tumor cell inoculation. IL24 level was measured

by ELISA (E) and serum ALT level was also quantified (F) (N = 5 for each group). Mice were sacrificed after anesthesia on day 42, and the tumors were separated and weighed (Figure 4D). In CNHK600-EGFP group, the tumor inhibition rate was 21.49%, and the tumor inhibition rates of the CNHK600-IL24 low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups reached 36.91%, 42.98% and 49.86%, respectively (P < 0.05, EGFP group vs. IL24 high-dose group student’s t-test). In addition, we assessed the selleck chemical level of secreted IL24 in mouse serum. As shown in Figure 4E, injection of CNHK600-IL24 in all three dosage schemes caused significant elevation of serum IL24 compared with control group(p < 0.05

in low dose, p < 0.01 in middle and high dose) which was further confirmed by immunohistochemical staining (see below). To examine potential side-effects caused by adenovirus infection, we measured serum ALT levels after treatment. A slight elevation in ALT indicated that our tumor specific adenovirus did not cause pronounced liver toxicity (Figure 4F). HE staining revealed apparent tumor necrosis in CNHK600-IL24 treatment group (Figure 5A, B). Immunohistochemical assays showed that the expression of IL-24 protein and the adenovirus

capsid protein hexon were positive in the CNHK600-IL24 treatment group but negative in the control group (Figure 5C, D, E, F). TUNEL assay was utilized to measure apoptosis in tumors. As shown in Figure 5G, 5H, the level of apoptosis Venetoclax cell line in the CNHK600-IL24 treated tumors was significant, whereas the level of apoptosis in the control group was negligible. Figure 5 Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of tumor tissues with CNHK600-IL24 treatment. HE staining of tumor tissue in the control group (A) and in CNHK600-IL24 treatment group (B) was visualized. The expression of adenovirus hexon protein (C, D) and IL-24 (E, F) were monitored by immunohistochemistry. Breast tumor cell apoptosis were measured by TUNEL assay (G, H). We next examined whether CNHK600-IL24 can effectively reduce breast tumor metastasis in a tail vein injection model in nude mice. As shown in the Kaplan-Meier plot (Figure 6A), the median survival in the control group was 30.5 days, whereas injection of the oncolytic adenovirus significantly prolong the survival time (CNHK600-EGFP, 41 day, p < 0.05 and CNHK600-IL24, 55 days, p < 0.01, Mantal-Cox test).

marginatus, and canids for all stages of R. sanguineus. Adult H. lusitanicum and D. marginatus normally feed on large ungulates. Animals present in the tick study areas included, apart from cattle, high densities of rabbits and other wildlife. It is to note that 40 liver samples from rabbits hunted in Gran Canaria analyzed by PCR were all negative (data not shown), although more studies are needed. Whether some of the above mentioned animals may act

as reservoirs for GG VII C. burnetii remains to be studied. Interestingly, in 7 cattle samples from 4 distant regions, only GG III was detected. In the study of Arricau-Bouvery [13] most of the cattle isolates (12/14) analyzed by MLVA also grouped together in a clade that is close but different to the one that include GG I isolates, as in this study. In Beare’s study GG III is also philogenetically close to GG I and both clades appear together in Selleckchem Kinase Inhibitor Library the tree. This GG having never been found in humans in Spain so far lead us to hypothesize that cattle could represent a low risk for Q fever transmission to humans

in our country. One of the added values of the method described here is that it could be applied to any PCR-positive sample carrying at least 10 genome equivalents of the target organism, thus avoiding the need for culturing the organism to obtain data on the global circulation Atezolizumab of C. burnetii. The frequent lack of human isolates from outbreaks, which are needed to apply the yet described methods, hamper a correct outbreak study that are necessary to identify the source of infection. This methodology allows the characterization directly from clinical samples avoiding the culture step of this fastidious bacterium, and proves to be valuable identifying so far 10 different GTs circulating in Spain. This method can be performed in any laboratory with basic equipment. It can easily determine relationships among C. burnetii from different origins by using PCR-positive samples, thus helping in the

identification of the source of an outbreak in a rapid analysis. Conclusions The method described here is rapid, reproducible and sensitive. It can be applied directly to clinical and environmental samples, and is able to identify up to 16 GT. This 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase will facilitate the acquisition of global data on the circulation of GT of this organism. We have found a high variability of C. burnetii in Spain, with 10 GTs found in different settings, 5 of them in human samples. Interestingly, all the samples from acute cases of FID with liver involvement were produced by adaA negative microorganisms, while the only case of pneumonia available for the study was caused by a adaA positive strain. Moreover, the majority (12 cases) of the 13 chronic cases studied were produced by organisms of GG IV-, except for a case of vascular infection (GG VIII +). Regarding livestock, human cases share GTs with sheep and goats, but the only GT found in cattle has never been found in humans.

FEBS Lett 2007,581(17):3277–3282.PubMedCrossRef 3. Robert V, Hideaki N: Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases. Circul Res 2003,92(8):827–839.CrossRef Tipifarnib 4. Giraudo E, Inoue M, Hanahan D: An amino-bisphosphonate targets MMP9-expressing macrophages and angiogenesis to impair cervical carcinogenesis. Clin Invest 2004,114(5):623–633. 5. Park KS, Kim SJ, Kim KH, Kim JC: Clinical characteristics of TIMP2, MMP2, and MMP9 gene polymorphisms in colorectal cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011,26(2):391–397.PubMedCrossRef 6. Ranasinghe WK, Xiao L, Kovac S, Chang M, Michiels C, Bolton D, Shulkes A,

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fluorescens Pf-5 in natural habitats.

Temperate bacteriophages similar to those encoded by prophages 03 and 06 are capable of development through both lysogenic and lytic pathways, and the presence of prophages can protect the host from superinfection by closely related bacteriophages [60]. On the other hand, the lytic pathway ultimately results in phage-induced host cell lysis, and it has been reported that the presence of virulent bacteriophages can adversely affect rhizosphere-inhabiting strains of P. fluorescens [62–64]. Similarly bacteriophage tail-like bacteriocins such as the one encoded by prophage 01 are capable of killing both closely and more distantly related strains of bacteria, presumably through destabilization of the cell membrane [65–69]. Temperate bacteriophages Pembrolizumab clinical trial and bacteriophage-like Quizartinib supplier elements also are an important part of the bacterial flexible gene pool and actively

participate in horizontal gene transfer [60, 70]. Among the putative lysogenic conversion genes in P. fluorescens Pf-5 are two copies of llpA, located adjacent to prophages 01 and 04. These genes encode low-molecular weight bacteriocins resembling plant mannose-binding lectins that kill sensitive strains of Pseudomonas spp. via a yet-unidentified mechanism [71]. The fact that both llpA copies reside near prophage repressor genes, as well as the involvement of a recA-dependent SOS response in LlpA production by a different strain of Pseudomonas [72], suggests that the association of llpA genes with prophages is not accidental and that the prophages may be involved in the regulation of bacteriocin production in P. fluorescens Pf-5. The analysis of MGEs revealed at least 66 CDSs not present in the original Pf-5 genome annotation (data are summarized in supplemental Tables). The bulk of these newly predicted CDSs fall in the category of conserved

Cytidine deaminase hypothetical genes of bacterial or phage origin. Predicted products of the remaining novel CDSs exhibit similarity to proteins of diverse enzymatic, regulatory, and structural functions and include a phage integrase, an ATP-dependent DNA ligase, an endonuclease, plasmid partitioning and stabilization proteins, a NADH-dependent FMN reductase, an acytransferase, a PrtN-like transcriptional regulator, a Com-like regulatory protein, a P-pilus assembly and an integral membrane protein. Taken together, the analyses of six prophage regions and two GIs in the Pf-5 genome indicate that these structures have evolved via exchange of genetic material with other Pseudomonas spp. and extensive recombination. Transposition is unlikely to have played a major role in this evolution, as the genome of Pf-5 is nearly devoid of transposons and IS elements that are common in certain other Pseudomonas genomes.

65 vs ≥ 0.65). There were no significant differences in ER mRNA level regardless of the cut-off point selected (p value: 0,752, 0,331, and 0,059, respectively). In the last analysis, when log2 ratio (<0.65 vs ≥ 0.65) cut-off point was selected, only 5 cases were classified as being negative for basal keratin mRNA, whereas remaining 110 cases were classified as being positive. Table 4 Relations between basal keratins expression and ER status assessed by immunohistochemistry

Basal keratin ER p value   Negative Positive   CK5/6          Negative 20 53 <0,001    Positive 35 7   CK14          Negative 39 59 <0,001    Positive 15 1   CK17          Negative 30 56 <0,001    Positive 25 4   The table contains numbers of patients Table 5 Relationship between ER and basal keratin status assessed by immunohistochemistry Basal

keratin status ER status (number of patients) p value   Negative Positive   CK5/6 and CK14 and CK17 negative 18 www.selleckchem.com/products/SB-431542.html 52 <0,001 CK5/6 or CK14 or CK17 positive 37 8   Discussion Basal-like breast cancers recently have raised a great interest not only regarding clinical differences, but also in relation with new therapeutic possibilities. The vast majority of BRCA1 mutation-related breast tumors represent basal-like subtype. Moreover, Turner et al. have recently reported the high prevalence BKM120 clinical trial of BRCA1 downregulation in sporadic basal-like breast cancer [15]. There are some promising data that platinum-based chemotherapy may be more effective in patients with BRCA-1 germline mutations or in “”triple-negative”" breast cancer [16, 17]. These observations may emphasize the importance of an easy and simple determination of basal-like phenotype. A microarray analysis is a very elegant and sophisticated method, but for individual genes it is equivalent to estimation of mRNA level by the use of RT-PCR. Both methods have one important weakness — the assessment VAV2 of gene expression is based on total mRNA presented in the examined tissue, not only in cancer

cells – and this weakness may produce false results in a proportion of cases. In our study, in a comparison of immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, regardless of the method of dichotomization and statistical analysis used, there were cases with discordant results. For each cytokeratin, there were cases which were regarded as being positive by one method, and negative by the other one. Fourteen percent of cases were negative for CK5/6 as assessed by an immunohistochemical examination, but presented high CK5 mRNA levels. Similar discordances were also observed for CK14 and CK17. This observation suggests that in some cases high levels of basal keratin mRNA may originate not from cancer cells but possibly also from preexisting normal myoepithelial cells. Furthermore, due to the post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms, the amount of detected mRNA not always directly reflects protein level.

The most critical issues for realizing

spintronic devices are the generation and manipulation of spin-polarized carriers in low-dimensional systems [2, 11]. Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and the resulting spin splitting in a two-dimensional system have been used to create and manipulate spin-polarized carriers in nonmagnetic materials see more without external magnetic field [1, 12–14]. There are two kinds of SOC according to different sources of inversion asymmetry: Dresselhaus SOC induced by the bulk inversion asymmetry (BIA), [15] and Rashba SOC induced by structure inversion asymmetry (SIA) [16]. These two terms can interfere with each other and result in an anisotropy of spin splitting. They can cancel each other when the Rashba and Dresselhaus terms have equal strength, which will lead to a zero spin splitting in certain k directions. [2] Therefore, it is important

to control the value of these two components for spintronic device applications. The Rashba SOC can be tuned by external field [17], uniaxial strain [18, 19], and the asymmetric potential gradients in the quantum wells (QWs) [7, 8, 20], while the Dresselhaus SOC is determined by the materials and the size quantization of the electron wave vector k along the growth direction z, that is, = (π/w)2 for MG-132 manufacturer an infinitely high potential well of width w[9]. Nowadays, there are lots of theoretical [21, 22] Bcl-w and experimental investigations [7, 20] concerning the influence of the asymmetric potential gradients on the spin splitting of the electrons. However, there is seldom report investigating

the influence of the asymmetric gradients on the spin splitting when both the electron and holes are involved. Circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE) is an effective experimental tool to measure spin splitting in low-dimensional semiconductor system at room temperature [10], which is induced by unbalanced occupation of carriers in momentum space excited by circularly polarized light as a result of SOC and optical selection rules [4, 23]. Spin photocurrent spectra of CPGE excited by inter-band transition, which is firstly observed by Bel’kov et al. [24], are a powerful tool to investigate the spin splitting when both the electron and holes are involved, especially when excitonic effect is dominant [19]. Besides, CPGE current with inter-band resonance excitation shows much stronger intensity than that with inner-band excitation [5]. Thus, some unmeasurable features in the inner-band excitation may be detectable by this highly sensitive inter-band resonance excitation. Step QW structure will not only destroy the structure inversion symmetry by a step potential, but also introduce an additional interface compared to symmetrical QWs. Therefore, step QW structure is of fundamental interest in the study of asymmetric gradient-induced and interface-induced Rashba spin splitting [22].

Recent data from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study II (DOPPS II) showed that prescription of antihypertensive agent classes varied significantly by country, ranging for beta blockers from 9.7% in Japan to 52.7% in Sweden, for ARBs from 5.5% in

Italy to 21.3% in Japan, www.selleckchem.com/products/Rapamycin.html and for CCBs from 19.5% in Belgium to 51.4% in Japan [29]. Therefore, the high proportion of prescribed CCBs and ARBs in the present study in Japan is not so surprising. The ability to generalize the results of this study may be limited because of the number of patients and clinical characteristics. The number of patients was too small to conclude prognosis of a large variety and complexity of HD patients. Patients included in this study were all hypertensive and were treated with one or more antihypertensive agents. Furthermore, almost all patients were in good health. Recently, diurnal BP variation has been considered important [30]. In the present study, ambulatory BPs were not measured. Ambulatory BP monitoring provides not only static but also dynamic information about BP that should be considered to ensure effective management of hypertension and CV diseases. In conclusion, the results of the present PLX3397 mouse study are: (1) predialysis systolic BPs were not correlated with any home BPs; (2) LVMI had a significant positive correlation with home BPs, especially morning systolic BPs on HD and non-HD days; and (3) home BPs, especially systolic BPs in

the morning on HD days, were significant predictors of CV events during the follow-up period. Prospective intervention studies with large numbers of patients will be needed to clarify the cause–effect relationship between various BPs and CV events. Conflict of interest All the authors declare no competing interests. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction

in any medium, provided the original fantofarone author(s) and source are credited. References 1. Tomita J, Kimura G, Inoue T, Inenaga T, Sanai T, Kawano Y, et al. Role of systolic BP in determining prognosis of hemodialyzed patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;25:405–12.PubMedCrossRef 2. Salem MM. Hypertension in the hemodialysis population: a survey of 649 patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;26:461–8.PubMedCrossRef 3. Mittal SK, Kowalski E, Trenkle J, McDonough B, Halinski D, Devlin K, et al. Prevalence of hypertension in a hemodialysis population. Clin Nephrol. 1999;51:77–82.PubMed 4. Grekas D, Bamichas G, Bacharaki D, Goutzaridis N, Kasimatis E, Tourkantonis A. Hypertension in chronic hemodialysis patients: current view on pathophysiology and treatment. Clin Nephrol. 2000;53:164–8.PubMed 5. Rocco MV, Yan G, Heyka RJ, Benz R, Cheung AK, HEMO Study Group. Risk factors for hypertension in chronic hemodialysis patients: Baseline data from the HEMO study. Am J Nephrol. 2001;21:280–8.PubMedCrossRef 6.